DIVERSITY OF LIFE

TOMPKINS COUNTY FLORA

Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Schwein.	Mitchell NY NYFA TC USDA NY accepted accepted accepted

Cut-leaved Toothwort, Cutleaf Toothwort
Brassicaceae

CAYUGA FLORA (1926) NOTES: In situations similar to Cardamine diphylla, but drier, in more gravelly and sandy soils;common. Apr. 20-May 20. Enfield Glen ; Inlet Valley, especially near Lick Brook and Negundo Woods ; Six Mile Creek ; Fall Creek ; McKinneys to Esty ; Taughannock Gorge ; and elsewhere. W. Que. and Vt. to Minn., southw. to Fla. and La. ; rare on the Coastal Plain. Many plants of Cardamine differ in various ways from typical C. diphylla and C. concatenata. These have been a constant source of difficulty to local botanists. Dudley listed them under his D. laciniata (C. concatenata) , second and third forms, and under D. maxima. Some of the specimens fall readily under D. maxima as delineated in Grays Man., ed. 7, but others cannot be placed there with certainty. Field studies through many seasons have led the authors to the belief that these plants are all of hybrid origin. The leaf divisions vary in width between those of the two parents, and the teeth are more incised than in C . diphylla but more crenate than in C. concatenata. The leaves are usually three, as in C. concatenata. but alternate, as is frequently the case in C. diphylla ; and the rootstocks are either moniliform, or continuous, or intermediate between these two types. The inflorescence, though usually glabrous, is occasionally hairy, as is also the upper part of the stem. A single colony of plants often contains several types representing various combinations of the characters of typical C. diphylla and C. concatenata. D. maxima, therefore, does not seem to be a true species.

BH SPECIMENS FOR Cardamine concatenata (this list may be incomplete)

northern suburbs of Lansing, 311 Buck Run, property of James L. Reveal and C. Rose Broome, rich, moist woods drained by a large creek, herb, 17 May 2011, Atha & Reveal 10364 (BH 61905);	VEmap	GOOmap
Town of Dryden, 107 Neimi Road, Five Wells Nature Preserve, east, Southwest Woods, near big Populus deltoides, north of creek, 26 Apr 1999, Dilger WCD1546 (BH 113226);
Town of Dryden, 107 Neimi Road, Fivewellsania Botanical Garden, in rock garden, grows here in full sun, spreading, 27 Apr 1981, Dilger WCD695 (BH 113194);
Town of Dryden, 107 Neimi Road, Five Wells Nature Preserve, east Southwest Woods, north of creek, near big Populus deltoides, 3 May 1999, Dilger WCD1545 (BH 113283);
Town of Lansing, hillside S of Esty's Glen, slope toward lake., hillside, Seed unripe., 1 Jun 1912, Frost D158 (BH 339999);
Town of Ulysses, Taughannock ravine, Leaves intermediate in form between D. diphylla and D. laciniata., 11 May 1912, Frost D43 (BH 340051);
Town of Ulysses, Taughannock ravine, 11 May 1912, Frost (BH 340004);
Town of Ulysses, Taughannock ravine, Characters of D. diphylla and D. laciniata; leaflets very sharply and closely incised., 11 May 1912, Frost D46 (BH 340030);
Town of Ulysses, Taughannock ravine, Leaf-form intermediate between that of typical D. laciniata and that of D. diphylla., 11 May 1912, Frost D46 (BH 340031);
Town of Ulysses, Taughannock ravine, 11 May 1912, Frost D53 (BH 340050);
Town of Ithaca, Negundo Woods, 17 May 1912, Frost (BH 340001);
Town of Lansing, Shurger's Glen, flat close to creek, 2 leaves, rather finely dissected; large rhizome., 18 May 1912, Frost D98 (BH 340027);
Town of Lansing, Shurger's Glen, Rhizomes near D. laciniata; leaflets much incised, broad., 18 May 1912, Frost D82 (BH 340036);
Town of Lansing, Shurger's Glen, 18 May 1912, Frost (BH 340003);
Town of Ithaca, Forest Home flats, Leaflets few-incised; rhizome evidently typical for D. laciniata., 21 May 1912, Frost D108 (BH 340029);
Town of Ithaca, S of Forest Home, hillside woods, Close to D. laciniata, except in leaf-number (2)., 21 May 1912, Frost D109 (BH 340028);
Town of Ithaca, Fall Creek ravine, N side, high slope opposite Sibley Hall, near path, thick and large patch, Leaflets narrow, few-parted and few-incised; rhizome of D. maxima, shallow., 22 May 1912, Frost D121 (BH 340026);
Town of Newfield, W. Branch of Inlet Creek, below Newfield Falls, Typical D. laciniata but with tubers superficial under leaves or shallow., 23 May 1912, Frost D134 (BH 340002);
Town of Lansing, North Lansing Creek, lower end of ravine, 25 May 1912, Frost D144 (BH 340000);
Town of Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, Beechwoods, Leaves nearly whorled., 9 May 1912, Frost D29 (BH 340033);
Town of Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, Beechwoods, Leaves like those of D. maxima in form, nearly whorled, small. Rhizome typical for D. laciniata., 9 May 1912, Frost D1 (BH 340035);
Town of Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, Beechwoods, patch S of cliffs, Evidently typical for D. laciniata except in leaf-form. Tubers very deep., 9 May 1912, Frost D12 (BH 340034);
Ithaca, Six Mile Creek Beechwoods, 9 May 1912, Frost (BH 340005);
Town of Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, Beechwoods, 2 specimens from one patch, intermediate between D. maxima and D. laciniata., 9 May 1912, Frost D2 (BH 340032);
Ithaca, Renwick, woods, Fr. Rootstock of readily separable fusiform tubers., 30 May 1941, Lawrence 43 (BH 273411);
Ithaca, Cornell University, above Test Garden, along Fall Creek, woods, 29 Apr 1946, Miller & Huttleston (BH 78729);
Town of Ulysses, south of Taughannock Park Road and Taughannock Creek, east of Rt. 96 and wet of Jacksonville Road, forest adjacent to small creek just upstream from junction with Taughannock Creek, 3 Jun 2005, Werier 2564 (BH 90056);
Dryden, 3.75 miles from Cornell University, rich woods, 10 May 1914, Wiegand 2399 (BH 13845);
Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, 4 May 1895, Wiegand (BH 36043);
Ithaca, woods, 21 Jun 1918, Bailey (BH 13851);
Town of Dryden, Ellis Hollow, 27 May 1919, Bailey (BH 13850);
Ithaca, 7 May 1918, Bailey (BH 13827);
Ithaca, Forest Home, island between bridges, 23 May 1917, Bechtel 8204 (BH 13835);
Ithaca, Fall Creek, 10 May 1883, Breed 66 (BH 13840);
Ithaca, Lick Brook, 6 May 1905, Burnham 1387 (BH 13836);
near Dryden-Ithaca townline, on north side of Fall Creek near rifle range, rich, shaded slope, 8 May 1935, Clausen 1628 (BH 13849);
on north side of Fall Creek near Ithaca-Dryden town line, near Rifle Range, rich shaded slope, 8 May 1935, Clausen 19148 (BH 17682);
Town of Caroline, Besemer Rd., 1 May 1973, Contardo (BH 110039);
Town of Caroline, Besemer Rd., 16 May 1974, Contardo (BH 110041);
Ithaca, Gowan's farm, 18 Apr 1974, Contardo (BH 110042);
Town of Caroline, Besemer Rd., 9 May 1974, Contardo (BH 110040);
Ithaca, Fall Creek, 13 May 1882, DeForest (BH 13826);
Six Mile Creek, 23 Apr 1878, Dudley 66B (BH 13838);
Ithaca, Negundo Woods, May 1873, Dudley (BH 13837);
Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, May 1879, Dudley (BH 31561);
Lansing, south of Esty, top of cliffs, dry open woods, 11 May 1919, Eames 12109 (BH 13834);
Ithaca, south side of Six Mile Creek, opposite lower reservoir, rich open scrub land, 13 May 1914, Eames 2400 (BH 13831);
Caroline, sandy alluvium along stream, 18 May 1918, Eames 9943 (BH 13839);
Ithaca, Cornell Heights, dry rich woods, 22 May 1915, Eames 4203 (BH 13832);
Ithaca, Enfield Ravine, below foot of gorge, gravelly alluvium, 24 Jun 1917, Eames 8202 (BH 13846);
Enfield, Upper Enfield Ravine, rich woods, 24 May 1917, Eames 8203 (BH 13833);
Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, south of second reservoir, rich open woods, 26 Apr 1913, Eames 576 (BH 13829);
Enfield, just below Enfield Falls, rich woods, habit and general appearance that of maxima but rootstalks of laciniata, 12 May 1918, Eames & Wiegand 9935 (BH 13828);
Buttermilk Swamp, Intermediate form between heterophylla and laciniata with similar root, leaves and alternate stem leaves, 19 May 1882, Kilborne (BH 13841);
Town of Dryden, George Junior Republic, east of inn, woods, 5 May 1940, Loman (BH 9932);
Ithaca, near Six Mile Creek, 2 May 1914, Metcalf 2398 (BH 13830);
Six Mile Creek, 10 May 1901, Moon (BH 337351);
Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, Varying towards maxima, 10 May 1884, Moore (BH 13852);
Ithaca, Esty Glen, woods, 9 May 1920, Muenscher & Bechtel 183 (BH 13847);
Groton, southeast of Baker's woods, 8 May 1891, Rhodes (BH 13842);
Ithaca, 6 May 1880, Rowlee (BH 13848);
Ulysses, Taughannock Ravine and vicinity, 16 May 1914, Thomas 2401 (BH 13948);
Dryden, Fall Creek at Monkey Run Road, Petals white, 18 Apr 1976, Tucker 203 (BH 13853);
Ulysses, Taughannock Ravine, 24 May 1896, Wiegand (BH 13844);
Ithaca, Six Mile Creek, a thicket of small trees near bank, 5 May 1895, Wiegand (BH 31334);

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